问题概述

前端向后端发送请求时，无法发送成功，检查请求路径，请求响应格式，跨域等均无问题，但偶尔会返回404错误，具体错误信息如下，令人摸不到头脑

{
    "timestamp": "2025-09-25T01:23:03.828+00:00",
    "status": 404,
    "error": "Not Found",
    "trace": "org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.NoResourceFoundException: No static resource user/user/current.\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler.handleRequest(ResourceHttpRequestHandler.java:585)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter.handle(HttpRequestHandlerAdapter.java:52)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1089)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903)\r\n\tat jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885)\r\n\tat jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:195)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:110)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:612)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:394)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:323)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:268)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:171)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:314)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1438)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1168)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903)\r\n\tat jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885)\r\n\tat jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:195)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)\r\n\tat org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:483)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:116)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)\r\n\tat org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:344)\r\n\tat org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:398)\r\n\tat org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63)\r\n\tat org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:903)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1769)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1189)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:658)\r\n\tat org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:63)\r\n\tat java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1583)\r\n",
    "message": "No static resource user/user/current.",
    "path": "/api/user/current"
}

分析

1. 错误信息看似是路径相关的问题，或者是请求被误认为静态资源请求，而非 API 接口请求，检查后发现不是，路径以及相关配置是正确的，该请求也和静态资源没什么关系。
2. 测试发现参数填写正确时可以正常请求响应，其他情况都会报这个错误，怀疑是后端异常处理的问题，查看后端日志，发现后端正常打印错误日志，为了统一处理错误，后端配置了异常处理器，因此问题几乎可以锁定在请求的 “属性” 不匹配或中间件（拦截器 / 过滤器）篡改了请求，而非路径本身的拼写错误。
3. 后端已成功捕获 BusinessException（请求参数错误），但最终返回给客户端的却是 404 错误。这说明异常处理流程未正常完成，响应被 “中断” 并跳转到了默认的 404 错误流程，而非返回自定义的错误响应。

解决方案

已定位到问题根因

核心原因：异常处理流程被干扰或配置错误

正常的异常处理逻辑应该是：Controller 抛异常 → GlobalExceptionHandler 捕获 → 构建自定义错误响应（JSON）→ 返回客户端

但现在流程卡在了 “构建响应→返回客户端” 之间，导致 Spring 触发了默认的错误处理（返回 404）。最可能的原因集中在 全局异常处理器的配置或实现错误。

解决

最终确定为是注解问题
因为我使用的注解是@ControllerAdvice返回的是 “视图名” 而非 JSON 响应。
@ControllerAdvice + @ResponseBody 等价于 @RestControllerAdvice，缺少 @ResponseBody 会导致 Spring 去查找对应的视图页面（如 error.html），找不到就返回 404。因此自定义异常未被正确返回给前端。

因此将注解改为@RestControllerAdvice解决了此问题

总结

有些错误显示的只是表象，它可以提供一些线索顺藤摸瓜，找到根因才能解决问题。