一、GET请求

# get
response = requests.get("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1")
print(response.status_code)
print(response.json())

运行结果:

二、POST请求

#post
response = requests.post('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts', json={
    "title": "测试标题",
    "body": "测试内容",
    "userId": 1
},headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
print(response.status_code)
print(response.json())

运行结果:

三、写断言,模拟一个测试用例

#写一个测试用例
def test_get():
    response = requests.get("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1")
    assert response.status_code == 200,f"状态码错误,状态码为{response.status_code}"
    assert 'title' in response.json() ,f"返回数据中没有title标题"
    print('test_get测试通过')

test_get()

运行结果:

四、用Session保持登录状态

注意:有些接口需要先登录才能操作。Requests用Session对象保存Cookie,和浏览器自动记cookie一样

session = requests.Session()

# 先登录(假设有这个登录接口)
login_response = session.post(
    "https://example.com/api/login",
    json={"username": "admin", "password": "123456"}
)

# 再用同一个session去访问需要权限的接口
profile_response = session.get("https://example.com/api/profile")

五、Postman的对比

Postman做的事 Requests代码怎么实现
选GET/POST/PUT/DELETE requests.get() / .post() / .put() / .delete()
填URL url="https://..."
填Headers headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"}
选Body → raw → JSON json={"key": "value"}
看状态码 response.status_code
看返回Body response.json() 或 response.text
Tests写断言 Python的assert语句
Collection Runner批量跑 用for循环,或后面学Pytest参数化
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