python–基础–1.4–安装python(linux)

前提

# 生产环境--系统搭建--基础环境搭建
https://blog.csdn.net/zhou920786312/article/details/118212302

1、下载源码

https://www.python.org/downloads/

2、安装

2.1、安装依赖 软件包

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel gcc-c++ lsb libXScrnSaver wget

2.2、上传源码

2.3、安装

# 解压
tar -xvf Python-3.11.2.tgz

# 删除安装包
rm -rf Python-3.11.2.tgz 

 
# 切换目录
cd Python-3.11.2/

# 配置  prefix表示安装路径
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.11.2

# 编译 
make && make install

2.4、配置软链接

目的是方便快速使用python，因为我们把python命令放到/usr/bin/目录下了

# 删除系统自带的老版本(python2)的软链接
rm -f /usr/bin/python

# 创建软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3.11.2/bin/python3.11  /usr/bin/python

 

2.5、修复yum

创建软链接后，会破坏yum程序的正常使用(只能使用系统自带的python2)

2.5.1、修改下面2个文件：

vim /usr/bin/yum
vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down 

2.5.2、修改内容

修改内容都在第一行

#!/usr/bin/python
改为
#!/usr/bin/python2.7

2.6、验证

[root@zhoufei ~]# python
Python 3.11.2 (main, Mar 24 2023, 13:12:17) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

3、安装 pip3

yum -y install python3-pip; 

# 升级pip到最新版本
pip3 install -U pip


# 配置 镜像源
pip3 config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

# 重要的信息
WARNING: pip is being invoked by an old script wrapper. This will fail in a future version of pip.
Please see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5599 for advice on fixing the underlying issue.
To avoid this problem you can invoke Python with '-m pip' instead of running pip directly.
Writing to /root/.config/pip/pip.conf