Apache Commons 一个丰富而多元的 Java 基础组件库
Apache Commons – Apache Commons
Apache 项目毋庸置疑，是全球顶级的开源项目。Commons 库的价值被低估了。
— Commons Lang ，一款 apache 基金会支持的处理字符的好工具 org.apache.commons.lang3 FROM：Apache Commons-CSDN博客
— Commons Text — 一款字符串处理的算法库，From：Apache Commons -CSDN博客
Apache Commons is an Apache project focused on all aspects of reusable Java components.
Apache Commons 是一个专注于可重用 Java 组件各个方面的 Apache 项目。
The Apache Commons project is composed of three parts:
Apache Commons项目由三部分组成：
— The Commons Proper - A repository of reusable Java components.
— The Commons Sandbox - A workspace for Java component development.
— The Commons Dormant- A repository of components that are currently inactive.
You may also read our charter, which spells out the goals of the project in greater detail.
您也可以阅读我们的章程，其中更详细地阐述了项目的目标。
The Apache Commons source code repositories are writable for all ASF committers. While Apache Commons is a Commit-Then-Review community, we would consider it polite and helpful for contributors to announce their intentions and plans on the dev mailing list before committing code. All contributors should read our contributing guidelines. We accept patches as SVN diff files uploaded to the Apache bugtracker or as pull request via our github mirrors.
Apache Commons的源代码仓库对所有ASF提交者都是可写的。虽然Apache Commons是一个"先提交后审查"的社区，但我们认为贡献者在提交代码前先在开发邮件列表上宣布他们的意图和计划是礼貌且有益的。所有贡献者都应阅读我们的贡献指南。我们接受以SVN差异文件形式上传到Apache问题跟踪器的补丁，也接受通过我们的GitHub镜像提交的拉取请求。
Apache Commons Proper
Commons Proper is dedicated to one principal goal: creating and maintaining reusable Java components. The Commons Proper is a place for collaboration and sharing, where developers from throughout the Apache community can work together on projects to be shared by the Apache projects and Apache users.
Commons Proper 致力于一个核心目标：创建和维护可重用的 Java 组件。Commons Proper 是一个协作与共享的平台，来自整个 Apache 社区的开发者可以在此共同开发项目，供 Apache 项目及其用户共享使用。
Commons developers will make an effort to ensure that their components have minimal dependencies on other libraries, so that these components can be deployed easily. In addition, Commons components will keep their interfaces as stable as possible, so that Apache users (including other Apache projects) can implement these components without having to worry about changes in the future.
Commons开发者会尽量确保其组件对其他库的依赖最小化，以便轻松部署这些组件。此外，Commons组件将尽可能保持接口稳定，使得Apache用户（包括其他Apache项目）能够放心实现这些组件，无需担心未来发生变更。
This article gives an overview of (some of) the components which can be found here.
本文概述了可在此处找到的（部分）组件。
We welcome participation from all that are interested, at all skill levels. Coding, documentation and testing are all critical parts of the software development process. If you are interested in participating in any of these aspects, please join us!
我们欢迎所有感兴趣的人士参与，不论技能水平如何。编码、文档编写和测试都是软件开发过程中至关重要的环节。如果您有兴趣参与其中任何方面，请加入我们！
| Component | Description | Release Version | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCEL | Byte Code Engineering Library - analyze, create, and manipulate Java class files | 6.10.0 | 2024-07-23 |
| BeanUtils 1.X | Easy-to-use wrappers around the Java reflection and introspection APIs. | 1.11.0 | 2025-05-27 |
| BeanUtils 2.X | Easy-to-use wrappers around the Java reflection and introspection APIs. | 2.0.0-M2 | 2025-05-27 |
| BSF | Bean Scripting Framework - interface to scripting languages, including JSR-223 | 3.1 | 2010-06-24 |
| CLI | Command Line arguments parser. | 1.10.0 | 2025-08-02 |
| Codec | General encoding/decoding algorithms (for example phonetic, base64, URL). | 1.19.0 | 2025-07-22 |
| Collections | Extends or augments the Java Collections Framework. | 4.5.0 | 2025-04-22 |
| Compress | Defines an API for working with tar, zip and bzip2 files. | 1.28.0 | 2025-07-29 |
| Configuration | Reading of configuration/preferences files in various formats. | 2.12.0 | 2025-04-28 |
| Crypto | A cryptographic library optimized with AES-NI wrapping Openssl or JCE algorithm implementations. | 1.2.0 | 2023-01-23 |
| CSV | Component for reading and writing comma separated value files. | 1.14.1 | 2025-07-30 |
| Daemon | Alternative invocation mechanism for unix-daemon-like java code. | 1.4.1 | 2025-01-14 |
| DBCP | Database connection pooling services. | 2.13.0 | 2024-12-02 |
| DbUtils | JDBC helper library. | 1.8.1 | 2023-09-14 |
| Digester | XML-to-Java-object mapping utility. | 3.2 | 2011-12-13 |
| Library for sending e-mail from Java. | 2.0.0-M1 | 2024-06-27 | |
| Exec | API for dealing with external process execution and environment management in Java. | 1.5.0 | 2025-05-23 |
| FileUpload | File upload capability for your servlets and web applications. | 1.6.0 | 2025-06-06 |
| FileUpload2 | File upload capability for your servlets and web applications. | 2.0.0-M4 | 2025-06-16 |
| Geometry | Space and coordinates. | 1.0 | 2021-08-21 |
| Imaging (previously called Sanselan) | A pure-Java image library. | 1.0.0-alpha6 | 2025-04-30 |
| IO | Collection of I/O utilities. | 2.20.0 | 2025-07-18 |
| JCI | Java Compiler Interface | 1.1 | 2013-10-14 |
| JCS | Java Caching System | 3.2.1 | 2024-05-27 |
| Jelly | XML based scripting and processing engine. | 1.0.1 | 2017-09-25 |
| Jexl | Expression language which extends the Expression Language of the JSTL. | 3.5.0 | 2025-04-16 |
| JXPath | Utilities for manipulating Java Beans using the XPath syntax. | 1.4.0 | 2025-04-18 |
| Lang | Provides extra functionality for classes in java.lang. | 3.18.0 | 2025-07-09 |
| Logging | Wrapper around a variety of logging API implementations. | 1.3.5 | 2025-02-08 |
| Math | Lightweight, self-contained mathematics and statistics components. | 4.0-beta1 | 2022-12-20 |
| Net | Collection of network utilities and protocol implementations. | 3.12.0 | 2025-08-01 |
| Numbers | Number types (complex, quaternion, fraction) and utilities (arrays, combinatorics). | 1.2 | 2024-08-12 |
| Pool | Generic object pooling component. | 2.12.1 | 2025-01-27 |
| RDF | Common implementation of RDF 1.1 that could be implemented by systems on the JVM. | 0.5.0 | 2017-12-23 |
| RNG | Implementations of random numbers generators. | 1.6 | 2024-07-15 |
| SCXML | An implementation of the State Chart XML specification aimed at creating and maintaining a Java SCXML engine. It is capable of executing a state machine defined using a SCXML document, and abstracts out the environment interfaces. | 0.9 | 2008-12-01 |
| Statistics | Statistics. | 1.1 | 2024-08-20 |
| Text | Apache Commons Text is a library focused on algorithms working on strings. | 1.14.0 | 2025-07-24 |
| Validator | Framework to define validators and validation rules in an xml file. | 1.10.0 | 2025-07-09 |
| VFS | Virtual File System component for treating files, FTP, SMB, ZIP and such like as a single logical file system. | 2.10.0 | 2025-02-14 |
| Weaver | Provides an easy way to enhance (weave) compiled bytecode. | 2.0 | 2018-09-07 |
The Commons Sandbox
The Commons project also contains a workspace that is open to all Apache committers. It's a place to try out new ideas and prepare for inclusion into the Commons portion of the project or into another Apache project. Users are free to experiment with the components developed in the sandbox, but sandbox components will not necessarily be maintained, particularly in their current state.
Commons项目还包含一个对所有Apache提交者开放的工作区。这是一个尝试新想法并为纳入项目的Commons部分或另一个Apache项目做准备的地方。用户可以自由试验沙箱中开发的组件，但沙箱组件不一定会得到维护，特别是以它们当前的状态。
The Commons Dormant
These are Commons components that have been deemed inactive since they have seen little recent development activity. If you wish to use any of these components, you must build them yourselves. It is best to assume that these components will not be released in the near future.
这些是已被视为不活跃的Commons组件，因为它们最近几乎没有开发活动。如果您想使用其中任何组件，必须自行构建。最好假设这些组件在不久的将来不会发布。
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